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Volume 2, No.1/2002
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DEVELOPMENT OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY FABRICS FOR COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
François
BOUSSU, Guillaume BAILLEUL
GEMTEX Laboratory
(Genius and TEXtile Materials),
ENSAIT (French Engineering School in Textile),
9, rue de l’Ermitage, BP 30329, 59056
Roubaix Cedex France.
Jean-Luc PETITNIOT
ONERA (National Office of Research and Studies in Aeronautics),
DMSE/RCS
5, boulevard Paul Painlevé, 59045 Lille
France.
Hugues VINCHON
DUBAR-WARNETON
136, rue Jules Guesde, 59150 Wattrelos
France.
Shape
memory alloys (SMAs) are a unique class of alloys which are able
both to ‘remember’ their shape at high temperature during their
modification at lower temperature under their transition domain,
and able to recover that initial shape when heated. This ability
is known as the one-way shape memory effect. Moreover, SMAs
present two other interesting properties, superelasticity and
damping capabilities, which can be more or less combined with the
first one.
An SMA wire of Nitinol mesh was manufactured into technical
fabric, in order to examine its weaving adaptability in comparison
with a stainless wire and to investigate the different
possibilities of use of the material inside composite structures.
Several tests have been or will be carried out in order to check
the effect of the weaving operation, and later to measure the
efficiencies of damping and shape modification.
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FULLY FASHIONED BIAXIAL WEFT
KNITTED FABRICS
H. Cebulla, O. Diestel, P.
Offermann
Institute of Textile and Clothing Technology
Technische Universität Dresden
Dresden, Germany, 01062
Advanced composite
manufacturing processes demand the use of fully fashioned near-net
shape preforms. Flat knitting technology is especially suited for
the production of such products. Research work which has been
carried out at the ITB proved the possibility to obtain biaxial
reinforced multi-layer weft knitted fabrics with fixed fabric
edges, by varying the number of stitches in wale direction. The
capability of this method is shown for an open cuboid and a
spherical shell.
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BUBBLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF FOAM
C.W. den
Engelsena, J.C. Isarinb, H. Gooijera,
M.M.C.G. Warmoeskerkenc and J. Groot Wassinkc
a Stork Brabant
BV
W. de Korverstraat 43, 5831 AN Boxmeer
The Netherlands
b TNO
M.H. Tromplaan 28, 7513 AB Enschede
The Netherlands
c Textile Research Group,
Department of Chemical Technology
University of Twente
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede,
The Netherlands
A procedure based upon image
analysis has been adopted to study the influence of several
physical parameters on bubble size in foam. A procedure has been
described to account for the distribution of bubble size. Foam was
generated in a rotor-stator mixer. In the present research, the
nature of the surfactant, liquid viscosity, solid phase content,
and rotational speed of the mixer were varied. All parameters were
found to influence the bubble size and its distribution to a
certain extent. These effects were qualified experimentally.
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A NEW ELECTRO-MECHANICAL METHOD FOR MEASURING YARN THICKNESS
M.R. Mahmoudia,
W. Oxenhamb
aDepartment of Textile Industries,
The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT,
England
bDepartment
of Textile & Apparel Management, College of Textiles,
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
Measuring the thickness of a wire using a micrometer is
simple, but textile workers cannot use the same technique. The
current report describes a possible method of measuring yarn
thickness under lateral force using a range of loads. The effect
of twist on thickness and compressibility of yarns is studied.
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SHEDDING WITHOUT DYNAMIC WARP LOADING.
THE POSSIBILITY OF FORMING A NEW WOVEN STRUCTURE.
Janusz Szosland
Technical University of Łódź, Department of Textile
Architecture
ul. Żeromskiego 116,
90-543, Łódź, Poland
The shedding without dynamic
warp loading is presented by a loom structure with the use of
assembles of multi-angle shedding disks, e.g. quadrangular
shedding disks and disks for increasing weft density. Several sets
of these assembles form the rotating weaving drum, which is
electronically controlled. The new machine loom, the multi-layer
rotational weaving machine, allows the manufacture of completely
new woven fabric structures, which until now was impossible to
achieve with the use of conventional weaving machines. Woven
fabrics can be manufactured with the use of warp and weft threads
of extremely low tenacity, loose structure and strong developed
surface, as can grid structures and woven structures with pile
loop. The possibility to utilise unspinnable yarn, roving and
selvedges was demonstrated on a model weaving machine specially
constructed for the tests.
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BEHAVIOUR OF YARN INTERACTED WITH HIGH-SPEED OBJECT UNDER SIDEWAYS-CONSTRAINT
Dang Vu Hung, Joris Degrieck *, Lieva Van Langenhove & Paul
Kiekens
Department of Textiles
*Department of Mechanical Production and Construction
Ghent University
Technologiepark 9, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
This paper presents an
investigation of the dynamic behaviour of a yarn in an interaction
with a high-speed object, for the lower
warp sheet during the weaving process. The yarn movement on
the object can be described in four stages from
non-contact, contact, drop-off and withdrawal. A
model is developed to predict this interaction, taking into
account several factors such as yarn
length, yarn tension, object speed, object orientation and object
profile. A comparison of theoretical
predictions and experimental measurements for different yarns
indicates a good agreement. The theoretical
model can be used to optimise the object profile in order to
reduce the interactive yarn tension and to
avoid any yarn damage.
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